Diabetic Retinopathy Screening
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a progressive microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus, which can lead to vision impairment or blindness if left undiagnosed and untreated. Early detection through regular screening is crucial for preventing severe ocular complications. At United Super Speciality Hospital, we offer state-of-the-art diabetic retinopathy screening to ensure timely diagnosis and management.
Importance of Screening
Patients with diabetes are at risk of developing DR, which progresses through various stages:
– Non-proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy (NPDR): Characterized by microaneurysms, hemorrhages, and hard exudates.
– Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy (PDR): Advanced stage with neovascularization, posing a high risk for vision loss.
– Diabetic Macular Edema (DME): Fluid accumulation in the macula leading to vision distortion.
Who Should Get Screened?
– All diabetic patients should undergo an initial screening at the time of diagnosis (Type 2) or within five years (Type 1).
– Annual screenings are recommended for patients without DR, with increased frequency for those with existing retinopathy.
– Pregnant women with diabetes require more frequent evaluations due to the heightened risk of disease progression.
Treatment Options
If screening identifies DR, treatment options include:
– Laser Photocoagulation: To seal leaking blood vessels and prevent further damage.
– Intravitreal Injections: Anti-VEGF therapy to reduce macular edema.
– Vitrectomy: Surgical intervention for advanced cases with vitreous hemorrhage or retinal detachment.